Which genes are associated with Parkinson disease as mentioned?

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Multiple Choice

Which genes are associated with Parkinson disease as mentioned?

Genetic factors in Parkinson disease include specific genes whose mutations increase risk or cause the disorder. The pairing emphasized here is PARKIN (PARK2) and LRRK2. PARKIN mutations lead to an autosomal recessive form of PD by impairing a ubiquitin ligase that helps with protein turnover and mitochondrial quality control, contributing to degeneration. LRRK2 mutations, such as G2019S, are a common genetic cause of PD across families and sporadic cases, affecting the kinase activity that influences neuronal survival. The other options point to genes associated with different diseases—APP and PSEN1 with Alzheimer's disease, and HTT with Huntington’s disease—and the material in question highlights PARKIN and LRRK2 as the PD-associated genes. (SNCA is also linked to PD, but the pairing here reflects the mentioned genes.)

Genetic factors in Parkinson disease include specific genes whose mutations increase risk or cause the disorder. The pairing emphasized here is PARKIN (PARK2) and LRRK2. PARKIN mutations lead to an autosomal recessive form of PD by impairing a ubiquitin ligase that helps with protein turnover and mitochondrial quality control, contributing to degeneration. LRRK2 mutations, such as G2019S, are a common genetic cause of PD across families and sporadic cases, affecting the kinase activity that influences neuronal survival. The other options point to genes associated with different diseases—APP and PSEN1 with Alzheimer's disease, and HTT with Huntington’s disease—and the material in question highlights PARKIN and LRRK2 as the PD-associated genes. (SNCA is also linked to PD, but the pairing here reflects the mentioned genes.)

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