Among the listed genetic disorders, which has the lowest prevalence of epilepsy, with only about 10-20% affected?

• A. Tuberous Sclerosis
• B. Fragile X
• C. Angelman
• D. Sturge-Weber

Answer: (B)

Epilepsy risk among genetic disorders tracks with how much the brain’s structure is disrupted and where abnormal activity tends to arise. Fragile X syndrome has epilepsy in only about 10–20% of individuals, which is lower than the others listed. This is because Fragile X mainly involves synaptic dysregulation and cognitive/behavioral features without the widespread structural brain lesions that drive seizures in the other conditions. By contrast, tuberous sclerosis features cortical tubers and other brain lesions that create numerous epileptogenic foci; Angelman syndrome often shows high seizure risk due to widespread neural network dysfunction; Sturge-Weber involves leptomeningeal vascular malformations that disrupt cortical activity, also boosting seizures. So Fragile X has the lowest epilepsy prevalence among these options.