All of the following are common neuropsychological issues for VaD EXCEPT:

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Multiple Choice

All of the following are common neuropsychological issues for VaD EXCEPT:

In vascular dementia, the cognitive profile is dominated by impaired executive function, slowed processing speed (psychomotor slowing), and visuospatial difficulties, reflecting subcortical and frontal-network involvement from vascular injuries. Language abilities can be relatively preserved early, but tasks that heavily tax frontal control, like phonemic fluency (generating words starting with a specific letter), are more likely to be affected than semantic fluency (generating words within a category, like animals). This is because phonemic fluency relies more on frontal executive processes, which are often disrupted in VaD, whereas semantic fluency depends more on temporal-semantic networks that tend to be less sensitively impacted in vascular patterns. Therefore, stating that semantic fluency is more impaired than phonemic fluency is not characteristic of VaD; the opposite pattern is typically observed.

In vascular dementia, the cognitive profile is dominated by impaired executive function, slowed processing speed (psychomotor slowing), and visuospatial difficulties, reflecting subcortical and frontal-network involvement from vascular injuries. Language abilities can be relatively preserved early, but tasks that heavily tax frontal control, like phonemic fluency (generating words starting with a specific letter), are more likely to be affected than semantic fluency (generating words within a category, like animals). This is because phonemic fluency relies more on frontal executive processes, which are often disrupted in VaD, whereas semantic fluency depends more on temporal-semantic networks that tend to be less sensitively impacted in vascular patterns. Therefore, stating that semantic fluency is more impaired than phonemic fluency is not characteristic of VaD; the opposite pattern is typically observed.

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